Simply speaking, a device that requires energy (power) power is called an active device, and a device that does not require energy (power) power is a passive device. Active devices are generally used for signal amplification, conversion, etc., and passive devices are used for signal transmission, or “signal amplification” through directivity. Capacitance, resistance, and inductance are passive devices, and ICs, modules, etc, are active devices. (In layman’s terms, those that require a power supply to display their characteristics are active components, such as triodes. Those that can display their characteristics without power supply are called passive components)The reference address of this article.
Definition of Passive Components
(1) It either consumes electrical energy or converts it into other energy in different forms.
(2) Only need to input signal. It can typically work without an external power supply.
Common Passive Components
Passive devices in electronic systems can be divided into circuit devices and connected devices according to their circuit functions.
1. Circuit devices
(1) Diode
(2) Resistor
(3) Resistor network
(4) capacitor (capacitor)
(5) Inductor
(6) Transformer
(7) Relay (relay)
(8) Button (key)
(9) Buzzer, horn (speaker)
(10) switch (switch)
2. Connecting devices
(1) Connector (connector)
(2) Socket (shoket)
(3) Connecting cable (line)
(4) Printed circuit board (PCB)
Definition of Active Components
If there is a power supply inside the electronic component when it is served.
In terms of circuit properties, active devices have two essential characteristics:
(1) It also consumes electric power itself.
(2) In addition to the input signal, there must usually be an external power supply to work.
It can be seen from this that active and passive devices have completely different working conditions and working methods for circuits, which must be paid attention to in the learning process of electronic technology.
Common Active Components
Active devices are the main components of electronic circuits. Active devices can be divided into discrete devices and integrated circuits in terms of physical structure, circuit functions, and engineering parameters.
1. Discrete Components
(1) Bipolar transistor (bipolar transistor), commonly referred to as triode, bjt
(2) Field-effect transistor (field practical transistor)
(3) thyristor (thyristor), also called thyristor
(4) Semiconductor resistors and capacitors – resistors and capacitors manufactured with integrated technology and used in integrated circuits.
2. Analog integrated circuit Components
An analog integrated circuit device is an integrated circuit device used to process analog voltage or current signals that vary continuously over time.
Basic analog integrated circuit devices generally include:
(1) Integrated operational amplifier (operation amplifier), referred to as integrated operational amplifier
(2) Comparator
(3) Logarithmic and exponential amplifiers
(4) Analog multiplier/divider (multiplier/divider)
(5) Analog switch circuit (analog switch)
(6) all circuit (phase lock loop), that is, the phase-locked loop circuit
(7) Integrated voltage regulator (voltage regulator)
(8) Reference source
(9) Waveform generator (waveform generator)
(10) Power amplifier
3. Digital Integrated Circuit Components
(1) Basic logic gate (logic gate circuit)
(2) flip-flop
(3) Register (register)
(4) Decoder
(5) Data comparator (comparator)
(6) Driver
(7) Counter (counter)
(8) Shaping circuit
(9) Programmable logic device (pld)
(10) Microprocessor (microprocessor, mpu)
(11) Microcontroller (microcontroller, mcu)
(12) dsp device (digital signal processor, dsp)